楊裕富建築數位教學網

A Review and Critique on the Crucial Issues of Historic Preservation in Taiwan

關鍵詞: 古蹟保存 ; 癥結性 ; 去殖民
英文關鍵詞: historic preservation ; crucial issue ; decolonization

[ 摘要 ]
　　台灣古蹟保存的發展從民國七十一年文資法公佈之後，為台灣的古蹟驗明證身，同時這是社會對文化價值認知的成長。而制度化後法令保障了不少有價值的資產，但是古蹟保存的觀念從七十年代鄉土運動掘起後，直至八十年代的文化解嚴，都反應出古蹟還是被消費的文化財，所以運用回顧與批判反省整個保存的歷史與實踐過程方式，是有助於古蹟保存問題及癥結的釐清。
　　本論文主要以台灣光復後，古蹟保存發展的觀念上與維護管理上，其本質及意義與價值的探討為主。其中在癥結性的問題上，是以產權之爭、廟宇興旺之爭、俗雅之爭、正統之爭、風水之爭的討論，來引出古蹟保存工作的多重複雜與困難。另外是透過立法政策面的綜合分析中，得到文化資產保存在公有財上具有強大的制約力，但因上下交相互動的作用力不夠，且法源的機制也出了問題，使私有財之古蹟無法獲得有效的掌控。因而法令的不清楚使古蹟在維護、管理、推廣及傳習上欠缺整體性計畫。進而古蹟保存內在與外在的種種問題隨之而生。
　　在論點上“去殖民”理論的提出，是讓文化能夠脫離權力之外來討論，也就是多重認同的接受(並非是一味接受，也非一味摒棄，而是注重資料的本意)，去除那些具有泛政治性文化的解決方式，讓台灣在古蹟保存議題上能有多重包容的個性，不再有迴避性及國恥論調的議題產生。同時也因為去殖民思考的討論�讓我們在未來從事保存工作時，能以檢討過去的困難與癥結性問題，來減低公部門在未來執行時的困難進而增加工作的成效。
　　最後在結論中，指出台灣古蹟保存多元性格的文化身上離不開人(技術與技藝承傳)、事(法案的修正與檢討)、物(多元整體性的保存觀念)的解決，也就是在人力、法案的修正、古蹟本體認定的加強與改善，才能將目前不夠周全之古蹟保存環境帶向更新的方向。
[ 英文摘要 ]
　　In 1982, the regulation of cultural heritage was announced which advanced the development of historic preservation and the identification of historic sites in Taiwan. Again, it was a kind of development which forced the society to face its own cultural values. After that, many historic sites have been preserved; however, to preserve those historic sites was based on the view of commerce before 1980''s. Thus, to review and criticize the preservation process and the history of historic preservation in Taiwan can be helpful to realize the crucial issues on the historic preservation.
　　This thesis focuses on the characters and valuation of the concept and management of historic preservation after 1945 in Taiwan. The crucial issues including disputation of property right, renovation, rank, origin, and environmental juxtaposition show the difficulty and complexity on historic preservation. On the other hand, the ambiguity of the regulation causes many implicit and explicit problems on the preservation of historic sites, such as the lack among the protection, management, promotion, and teaching-learning.
　　The proposition of "decolonization" theory makes culture departing from power, and it is multirecognized acception (not to accept or abandon completely, but to think highly of the inherent quality of data). Eliminating those political solvable methods, we can make the discussion of historic preservation to accept more different characters in Taiwan, and no more issues occur about refuse and shame on country. On the other hand, according to the discussion of decolonization thinking, we can review the difficulty and problems of past on historic preservation to reduce the difficulty and increase the efficiency on historic preservation in future for the government.
　　Finally, according to the diverse characters of historic preservation in Taiwan, this thesis gives a solution which includes people (technology and its teaching-learning), to review and revise the regulations), and matter (the concept of integrated preservation). It seems the only way that can lead the historic preservation to a new direction.

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	台灣古蹟保存癥結性問題的回顧與批判 BY研究生: 蕭紋娉發表於1998年
	指導教授：楊裕富博士，邱博舜博士